What is an Electric Skateboard?
An electric skateboard is a type of personal electric vehicle designed for transportation and recreation. Electric skateboards provide an efficient and eco-friendly means of transportation for short to medium distances. They are popular among commuters an enthusiasts who enjoy the thrill of riding without the need of pushing manually. However, it's important to familiarise yourself with local regulations and safety guidelines when using electric skateboards including wearing protective gear such as a helmet and pads.
How Does an Electric Skateboard work?
An electric skateboard works by utilizing an electric motor and a battery to provide propulsion and power to the skateboard. Here's a step-by-step explanation of what electric skateboard components are and how they operate:
Electric Motor: The motor is typically located on the underside of the skateboard deck near the wheels full stop it provides the propulsion for the skateboard to move forward.
The types of motors used for electric skateboards include:
- Hub motor – which located in the centre of the wheel and provides direct power to the wheels.
- Belt Motor – utilises a belt system to transfer power from the motor to the wheels.
- Direct Drive Motor – which is a hybrid of hub and belt technologies.
- Gear Drive Motor – which provides power from the motor to the wheels using a gear system.
Deck: The deck is usually made of wood, bamboo or composite materials and shapes vary depending on the style of the board. For example, a cruiser style board will be longer and wider compared to a street style, which has a short wheelbase and kick tail.
Trucks and wheels: Trucks are typically made of aluminium consisting of two parts, the base plate and hanger, which allow for manoeuvrability and stability. The size and type of wheels can affect the ride quality and handling of the board.
Battery: Electric skateboards are powered by rechargeable lithium-ion batteries. The capacity of the battery determines factors such as the boards range and speed.
Electric Speed Controller (ESC): The ESC is a crucial component of an electric skateboard. Its primary function is to control the speed and direction of the electric motor, allowing the ride to accelerate, decelerate and maintain constant speed. ESC function includes:
- Motor control – The ESC connects to the electric motor on the skateboard and determines the distribution of power from the battery to the motor. The ESC controls and adjusts the motors speed and direction according to signals received from the rider’s input device (remote control or smartphone app).
- Throttle Control – The ESC interprets acceleration input to increase the power supplied to the motor, causing propulsion. The rider can control the speed by varying the throttle input.
- Braking Control – When the rider pulls back on the throttle, the ESC reduces the power sent to the motor, even in some cases, reversing the motor direction. This results in slowing and braking of the skateboards.
- Direction Control – Some electric skateboards feature the ability to change direction. The ESC manages this by reversing the polarity of the electric current to the motor, causing it to rotate in the opposite direction.
- Safety Features – Many ESCs incorporate safety features like overcurrent protection, overheat protection and low-voltage cutoff. These features help to prevent damage to the motor and the ESC as well as safe operation of the skateboard.
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Regenerative Braking – some ESCs are equipped with regenerative braking technology which allows the skateboard to convert kinetic energy back into electrical energy when braking. This can help extend the skateboards range and improve overall energy efficiency.
Brakes: Some skateboards feature regenerative braking technology which allows the skateboard to convert kinetic energy back into electrical energy when braking. This can help extend the skateboards range and improve overall energy efficiency.
What makes an All-Terrain Skateboard different?
An all-terrain skateboard, sometimes referred to as an "off-road skateboard," is designed for riding on a variety of surfaces beyond traditional smooth pavement. The key differences between an all-terrain skateboard and a standard electric skateboard are in their design and capabilities:
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Wheels: The most noticeable difference is the wheels. All-terrain skateboards are equipped with larger, chunkier wheels designed to handle rough and uneven terrain. These wheels are typically inflatable, similar to those used on off-road bicycles or ATVs. They provide better traction and shock absorption, allowing the skateboard to roll over obstacles like gravel, dirt, grass, and uneven terrain.
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Deck: All-terrain skateboards often have a more robust and durable deck construction to withstand the rigors of off-road riding. They may be made of materials like reinforced wood, bamboo, or composite materials to offer strength and flexibility.
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Motor and Power: The electric motor on an all-terrain skateboard is typically more powerful than that of a standard electric skateboard. This extra power is necessary to navigate rough terrain, climb hills, and maintain speed on uneven surfaces.
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Suspension: Some all-terrain skateboards are equipped with suspension systems to further improve ride comfort and stability on uneven terrain. Suspension can help absorb shocks and bumps, making off-road riding more enjoyable.
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Range and Battery: Due to the demands of off-road riding, all-terrain electric skateboards may have larger batteries to provide sufficient range for longer rides. The specific range can vary depending on the model and battery capacity.
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Weight: All-terrain electric skateboards are often heavier than their standard counterparts due to their sturdier construction, larger wheels, and more robust components. This weight can affect portability and maneuverability.
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Terrain Versatility: The primary advantage of an all-terrain skateboard is its ability to handle a wide range of surfaces, including dirt trails, grass, gravel, sand, and rough roads. This versatility makes it suitable for riders who want to explore various terrains.
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Rider Skill Level: While anyone can ride an all-terrain skateboard, they are often favored by more experienced riders or those seeking adventure off the beaten path. The increased power and terrain versatility may require additional skill and caution, especially when riding at higher speeds or on challenging terrain.
It's important to note that all-terrain skateboards come in various designs and configurations, so the specific features and capabilities can vary between models and manufacturers. When choosing an all-terrain skateboard, consider factors such as the type of terrain you intend to ride on, your skill level, and the range and power requirements that match your riding preferences.
Do I need to take care of the Battery?
YES! Taking proper care of the lithium-ion battery in your electric skateboard is essential for ensuring overall safety, optimal performance, and longevity. Here's a comprehensive guide to help you maintain and maximize the life of your electric skateboard's lithium battery:
Initial Charge: When you first receive your electric skateboard, follow the manufacturer's instructions for the initial charge. Typically, it's recommended to charge the battery fully before your first ride. This helps calibrate the battery management system (BMS) and ensures accurate battery level readings.
Regular Charging: Charge your electric skateboard regularly, especially if you use it frequently. Avoid letting the battery completely drain to zero regularly, as deep discharges can stress the battery and reduce its lifespan. Aim to recharge when the battery level drops to around 20-30%.
Avoid Overcharging: While modern electric skateboards are equipped with BMS to prevent overcharging, it's still a good practice not to leave your board plugged in for extended periods. Once the battery is fully charged, unplug the charger to prevent unnecessary stress on the cells.
Storage Guidelines: If you plan to store your electric skateboard for an extended period, ensure the battery is at around 50-60% charge. Store the board in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight. Check and recharge the battery every few months to prevent deep discharges.
Temperature Considerations: Lithium-ion batteries perform best within a specific temperature range. Avoid exposing your electric skateboard to extreme temperatures, whether hot or cold. Charging in extreme temperatures can be detrimental to the battery's health.
- Ideal operating temp: 10°C - 35°C
- Ideal storage temp: up to 45°C
Gentle Riding Practices: Smooth acceleration and braking are not only beneficial for your overall riding experience but also contribute to the longevity of the battery, especially with boards with integrated regenerative braking. Avoid sudden acceleration or hard braking whenever possible, as this can strain the battery and reduce its lifespan.
Regular Inspections: Periodically check the battery and its connections for any signs of damage or wear. If you notice any issues, contact the manufacturer for guidance. Do not attempt to repair or modify the battery yourself, as this can be dangerous.
Transportation Guidelines: If you need to transport your electric skateboard, make sure to turn it off and remove the battery if possible. This is particularly important when traveling by air, as airlines often have specific regulations regarding lithium batteries.
By following these guidelines, you can ensure that your electric skateboard's lithium battery remains in top condition, providing you with a reliable and enjoyable riding experience for years to come. Always refer to the manufacturer's specific recommendations for your skateboard model for the best care practices.
What are the rules and regulations for riding my Electric Skateboard in Australia?
The regulations for electric skateboard usage in Australia varies from state to state, so it's essential to check with your local authorities for the most up-to-date information.
Here is a general overview of the rules and regulations in place in different states:
ACT
In ACT, electric skateboards are permitted on footpaths, shared paths, and bike paths. However, they are not permitted on roads or in bike lanes. Riders must observe the following limits within these spaces:
- 25 km/h when travelling on shared paths and bike paths
- 15 km/h on footpaths
- 10 km/h when approaching and travelling across a crossing
Rules on usage and riding spaces apply.
- Only ONE passenger is permitted for transport on an electric skateboard
- Rider must not use mobile phone while operating device
- Rider must not operate the device under the influence of drugs or alcohol
- You must use lights and reflectors at night - white light in front; red light and reflector from the rear
- Rider must wear an approved helmet that complies with the current Australian Standard (AS/NZS 2063)
New South Wales
In New South Wales electric skateboards are not permitted for use on any public roads or paths. Riders can only use electric skateboards on private land. More information here.
However, recent changes to the NSW Road Rules 2014; Road Transport (Driver Licencing) Regulation 2017; Road Transport (Vehicle Registration) Regulation 2017, permit electric skateboard use as a mobility aid for people with a disability, who also meet specific use conditions.
Queensland
In Queensland, electric skateboard use is legal and riders are permitted to use on public roads and paths. However, restrictions on use and riding spaces apply.
- Minimum rider Age is 16 years or 12 years under supervision
- The speed limit must not exceed 25 km/h
- Use on roads with speed limit of less than 50 km/h with no dividing line or median strip
- Use on main roads and streets within the Brisbane CBD are prohibited
- Ride on paths wherever possible
- Only ONE passenger is permitted for transport on an electric skateboard
- Rider must not use mobile phone while operating device
- Rider must not operate the device under the influence of drugs or alcohol
- You use lights and reflectors at night - white light in front; red light and reflector from the rear
- Rider must wear an approved helmet that complies with the current Australian Standard (AS/NZS 2063)
More information here.
Victoria
In Victoria, electric skateboards are not permitted for use on any public roads or paths. Riders can only use electric skateboards on private land. More information here.
South Australia
In South Australia, electric skateboards are not permitted for use on any public roads or paths. Riders can only use electric skateboards on private land. More information here.
Western Australia
In Western Australia, an electric skateboard is considered an eRideable and must meet specifications for rules to apply. An eRideable is an electric rideable device, such as a scooter, skateboard or other vehicle, that:
- has at least one wheel
- is designed to be used by only one person
- is no more than 125cm long, 70cm wide and 135cm high
- is 25kg or less
- is not capable of travelling faster than 25km/h on level ground
There is no restriction on power output for eRideables as long as it is compliant with the speed, size and weight limits outlined above.
Rules on usage and riding spaces apply.
- Only ONE passenger is permitted for transport on an electric skateboard
- Rider must not use mobile phone while operating device
- Rider must not operate the device under the influence of drugs or alcohol
- You must use lights and reflectors at night - white light in front; red light and reflector from the rear
- Rider must wear an approved helmet that complies with the current Australian Standard (AS/NZS 2063)
Electric Skateboard (eRideable) speed limits include:
- Footpaths -10km/h
- Bicycle and shared paths - 25 km/h
- Local roads - 25 km/h
- Pedestrian Crossings - 10 km/h
However, it is illegal to ride on roads with:
- a dividing line
- roads where the speed limit exceeds 50km/h
- spaces restricting wheeled devices
- paths or roads marked with 'no bicycle' signs.
More information here.
Tasmania
Rules for use of personal mobility devices (PMD's) in Tasmania permit riders to travel on:
- Footpaths, not exceeding 15 km/h
- Shared paths, not exceeding 25 km/h
- Bicycle paths and roads, not exceeding 25 km/h
Rules on usage and riding spaces apply.
- Only ONE passenger is permitted for transport on an electric skateboard
- Rider must not use mobile phone while operating device
- Rider must not operate the device under the influence of drugs or alcohol
- You must use lights and reflectors at night - white light in front; red light and reflector from the rear
- Rider must wear an approved helmet that complies with the current Australian Standard (AS/NZS 2063)
More information here.
Northern Territory
The laws for electric skateboard use in the Northern Territory are not clearly stated on governmental websites. For safety sake, it is best to consider that electric skateboards are not permitted for use on any public roads or paths, and riders should only use electric skateboards on private land.
*Please note: This information should not be considered as legal advice, but for general information purposes only. Always refer to your state roads and transport government websites for rules and regulations for electric skateboard, eRideable and/or PMD use. It is always your responsibility to keep updated on rules and regulations for electric skateboard use in your local area and region.